Breast Cancer Screening: What You Should Know

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer death in U.S. women. The good news is that screening can find breast cancer early, when it’s easier to treat and outcomes are better.

Who Should Get Screened?

Most experts recommend that people assigned female at birth begin screening at age 40. Regular screening is most helpful for those between ages 40 and 74.

For those 75 and older, it’s less clear if screening provides benefit. People at higher risk may need to start screening earlier or follow a different plan.

A mammogram is a medical imaging test that uses low-level X-rays to detect breast cancer early. 

Screening Options

The main tool for breast cancer screening is the mammogram, which is an X-ray of the breast.

• 2D digital mammogram: the standard test.

• 3D mammogram (tomosynthesis): may be slightly more accurate and reduce false alarms.

• Ultrasound or MRI: not used for routine screening but may be recommended for those at higher risk or with very dense breast tissue.

How Often Should You Be Screened?

Most guidelines suggest getting a mammogram every 1–2 years between ages 40–74. Screening should continue if you are in good health and expected to live at least 10 more years.

Benefits and Risks

Benefits:

• Detects cancer early.

• Reduces the risk of dying from breast cancer.

Risks:

• False positives which may require additional tests or biopsies.

• Worry or anxiety.

• Small amount of radiation exposure.

Breast Self-Awareness

Experts no longer recommend regular self-exams, but it’s still important to be familiar with how your breasts normally look and feel. If you notice any changes, contact a primary care provider right away.

Risk Factors to Know

Certain factors can increase your risk of developing breast cancer:

• Starting periods early (before 12)

• Going through menopause after 55

• Never having children or having them later in life

• Not breastfeeding

• Hormone therapy after menopause (estrogen + progestin)

• Getting older

• Being overweight

• Drinking alcohol or smoking

• Dense breasts (harder to see changes on mammograms)

• Past chest radiation (ages 10–30)

• Family history or genetic abnormalities

Work With Your Healthcare Team

The primary care providers at MI Partner Health can help you understand your personal risk and recommend the best screening plan for you.  Call us today at 616-320-0096.