YOU CAN CONTROL YOUR RISKS FOR HEART DISEASE

Aug 9
2 min read

Your heart is a fist-sized organ in your chest that pumps oxygen-rich blood throughout your body. Heart disease occurs when the heart cannot do this job as well as it should.

What Is Heart Disease?

Heart disease is a broad term for conditions that affect the heart, heart valves, or blood vessels. Some people are born with heart disease, which is called congenital heart disease. Many other types are not congenital and may be preventable. This article focuses on three common non-congenital causes of heart disease.

High Cholesterol and Heart Disease

High cholesterol is one of the leading causes of heart disease. Cholesterol is made up of fatty particles that circulate in the blood. Cholesterol levels can be affected by diet and exercise, but genetics can also play a role.

When cholesterol remains high, these particles can build up along blood vessel walls. If this buildup affects the vessels that supply the heart, it is called coronary artery disease. Over time, a blockage can form and reduce or stop blood flow to part of the heart, which can lead to a heart attack.

Heart Valve Problems

The heart has four valves that help blood move through its chambers in the right direction. When a valve does not work properly, blood may flow backward, which is called regurgitation, or may have difficulty moving through the valve, which is called valvular stenosis. Over time, problems with blood flow can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, lightheadedness, dizziness, chest pain, chest tightness, or palpitations.

Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are irregular heartbeats. They may be caused by electrolyte imbalances, thyroid abnormalities, or changes in the heart’s electrical conduction pathway. Symptoms can include a racing or pounding heartbeat, chest tightness, fatigue, lightheadedness, or fainting.

If an arrhythmia is not treated, it can place unnecessary stress on the heart and reduce its ability to pump blood effectively. Some arrhythmias can also increase the risk of stroke or heart attack, so they should be evaluated promptly.

How Can You Help Prevent Heart Disease?

Lifestyle changes can help lower your risk of heart disease. Consider focusing on these key areas:

· Choose heart-healthy foods: Limit saturated fats, such as butter, lard, and fatty red meats. Add more unsaturated fats, including fish, nuts, avocado, and olive oil, which can help support healthy cholesterol levels.

· Move more: Adults should aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week. Include cardio activities that raise your heart rate. Regular exercise can also support weight management, which helps protect heart health.

· Support overall wellness: Stop smoking, reduce stress, and try to get 7–9 hours of sleep each night.